I will be talking about nanotechnology, it's a branch of technology that deals with dimensions that are less than 100 nanometers.
To show an example of how small a nanometer is, one inch contains 25,400,000 nanometers. A sheet of paper is 100,000 nanometers. On a comparative scale if there was a marble that was the size of a nanometer, then one nanometer would be as big as the size of earth. So a nanometer is incredibly small.
The idea of nanotechnology started with a talk called Theres Plenty Of Room At The Bottom created by the physicist Richard Feynman where the idea of nanotechnology was envisioned about controlling molecules and atoms. It wasn't until 1981 that modern nanotechnology began with the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope.
In 2013 scientists did that exact thing and were able to control molecules. The technology company IBM created the world's smallest movie called "A Boy and his Atom", this movie showed how far nanotechnology can go. It was created by moving the little carbon monoxide molecules using a scanning tunneling microscope, a device that magnifies these molecules over 100 million times. It was animated by taking pictures of different frames then putin these images together.
One branch of nanotechnology is nanoelectronics. But the tinier the electronic components are the harder they are to manufacture. I will be showing off some of 2 devices in nanoelectronics, but it will be pretty surface level.
spintronics: A nanoscale electronic device that is associated with magnetic movement and electric charge. Some machines that use this are semiconductor lasers, and microprocessor chips.
Optoelectronics: device that sources, detects and controls lights. Some machines that use this technology are LED traffic lights and solar panels.
Here are some of the sources I used: